Comparative Dhammapada Home Page Next Section
A Study of the Dhammapada Collection
2: Contents (Chapters 1 - 7)
One of the most striking things about the Pàëi Dhammapada is that nearly all of its verses (95%) are found in at least one of the other collections, and not infrequently in all of them. Given the fragmentary nature of the Gàndhàrã Dharmapada, and its close resemblance to the Pàëi where it does exist, we could expect that the figures would be even higher if we had more of that text available.
Below are tables covering the twenty-six chapters in the Pàëi Dhammapada, with the information relating to the correspondence between chapter and verse abstracted, so that it is possible to see at a glance the correspondences in the four main collections.01 Following each of the tables I have made a few notes highlighting certain aspects they bring out in regard to content and sequence, together with other explanatory notes whenever necessary.
There are certain verses in the Pàëi collection that find no parallel in any of the other collections; in that case I have also inspected the Pàëi Canon itself to see whether they are parallels there, and I give the findings in the notes that follow the tables.
Where the verses only partially parallel the Pàëi, this is noted by indicating the quarters that are parallel (as a, b, c, d, etc). Where parts of two verses together make up a parallel, this is also clearly indicated.
Parts of the Gàndhàrã Dharmapada are, unfortunately, badly damaged or lost, so that sometimes we no longer know the contents of the whole verse, and therefore how well it parallels the Pàëi. The verses affected in this way have therefore been marked with an asterick in the tables that follow.
The total number of verses in the Pàëi and the parallels in the other collections are noted at the bottom of each table.
1: Yamakavagga
|
Pàëi |
Patna |
Gàndhàrã |
Udànavarga
|
|
1.1 Yamaka |
1.1 Jama |
13.1 Yamaka |
31.23 Citta |
|
1.2 Yamaka |
1.2 Jama |
13.2 Yamaka |
31.24 Citta |
|
1.3 Yamaka |
1.5 Jama |
|
14.9 Droha |
|
1.4 Yamaka |
1.6 Jama |
|
14.10 Droha |
|
1.5 Yamaka |
14.15 Khànti |
|
14.11 Droha |
|
1.6 Yamaka |
14.16 Khànti |
|
|
|
1.7 Yamaka |
1.7 Jama |
13.17 Yamaka |
29.15 Yuga |
|
1.8 Yamaka |
1.8 Jama |
13.18 Yamaka |
29.16 Yuga |
|
1.9 Yamaka |
6.11 øoka |
12.11 Thera |
29.7 Yuga |
|
1.10 Yamaka |
6.12 øoka |
12.12 Thera |
29.8 Yuga |
|
1.11 Yamaka |
10.15 Mala |
13.13 Yamaka |
29.3 Yuga |
|
1.12 Yamaka |
10.16 Mala |
13.14 Yamaka |
29.4 Yuga |
|
1.13 Yamaka |
19.10 Citta |
13.19 Yamaka |
31.11 Citta |
|
1.14 Yamaka |
19.11 Citta |
13.20 Yamaka |
31.17 Citta |
|
1.15 Yamaka |
1.3 Jama |
13.5 Yamaka |
28.34 Pàpa |
|
1.16 Yamaka |
1.4 Jama |
13.6 Yamaka |
28.35 Pàpa |
|
1.17 Yamaka |
|
|
|
|
1.18 Yamaka |
|
|
|
|
1.19 Yamaka |
16.13 Vàcà |
12.9 Thera |
4.22 Apramàda |
|
1.20 Yamaka |
16.14 Vàcà |
12.10 Thera |
4.23 Apramàda
|
|
20 |
18 |
14 |
17 |
2: Appamàdavagga
|
Pàëi |
Patna |
Gàndhàrã |
Udànavarga
|
|
2.1 Appamàda |
2.1 Apramàda |
7.6 Apramadu |
4.1 Apramàda |
|
2.2 Appamàda |
2.2 Apramàda |
7.7 Apramadu |
4.2 Apramàda |
|
2.3 Appamàda |
2.3 Apramàda |
|
4.3 Apramàda |
|
2.4 Appamàda |
2.15 Apramàda |
7.3 Apramadu |
4.6 Apramàda (abd) |
|
2.5 Appamàda |
2.16 Apramàda |
7.2 Apramadu |
4.5 Apramàda |
|
2.6 Appamàda |
2.4 Apramàda |
7.8 Apramadu |
4.10 Apramàda |
|
2.7 Appamàda |
|
7.20bc & 25cd Apramadu |
4.12 Apramàda |
|
2.8 Appamàda |
2.6 Apramàda |
7.10 Apramadu |
4.4 Apramàda |
|
2.9 Appamàda |
2.5 Apramàda |
7.9 Apramadu |
19.4 Aèva |
|
2.10 Appamàda |
|
7.11 Apramadu |
4.24 Apramàda |
|
2.11 Appamàda |
2.10 Apramàda |
2.24 Bhikhu |
4.29 Apramàda |
|
2.12 Appamàda |
2.9 Apramàda |
2.23 Bhikhu |
4.32 Apramàda
|
|
12 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
3: Cittavagga
|
Pàëi |
Patna |
Gàndhàrã |
Udànavarga
|
|
3.1 Citta |
19.1 Citta |
8.2 Cita (ab)* |
31.8 Citta |
|
3.2 Citta |
19.2 Citta |
8.? Cita (a)* |
31.2 Citta |
|
3.3 Citta |
19.4 Citta |
|
31.1 Citta |
|
3.4 Citta |
19.5 Citta |
|
|
|
3.5 Citta |
19.3 Citta |
8.? Cita (a)* |
31.8A Citta (ab) |
|
3.6 Citta |
18.9 Dadantã |
8.? Cita |
31.28 Citta |
|
3.7 Citta |
19.6 Citta (abc) |
8.? Cita |
28.6 Pàpa |
|
3.8 Citta |
19.9 Citta |
|
31.35 Citta |
|
3.9 Citta |
19.8 Citta |
8.19 Jara |
1.35 Anitya |
|
3.10 Citta |
|
|
31.9 Citta (bc) |
|
3.11 Citta |
|
|
31.10 Citta (abc)
|
|
11 |
9 |
6 |
10 |
4: Pupphavagga
|
Pàëi |
Patna |
Gàndhàrã |
Udànavarga
|
|
4.1 Puppha |
8.11 Puùpa |
18.12 Puùpa (bcd)* |
18.1 Puùpa |
|
4.2 Puppha |
8.12 Puùpa |
18.13 Puùpa |
18.2 Puùpa |
|
4.3 Puppha |
8.14 Puùpa |
18.11 Puùpa (bcd)* |
18.18 Puùpa |
|
4.4 Puppha |
8.8 Puùpa |
18.5 Puùpa (bcd)* |
18.14 Puùpa |
|
4.5 Puppha |
8.9 Puùpa |
|
18.15 Puùpa |
|
4.6 Puppha |
8.7 Puùpa |
18.3 Puùpa |
18.8 Puùpa |
|
4.7 Puppha |
17.4 âtta |
16.13 Prakiõaka? (abc) |
18.9 Puùpa (abc) |
|
4.8 Puppha |
8.5 Puùpa |
18.1 Puùpa |
18.6 Puùpa |
|
4.9 Puppha |
8.6 Puùpa |
18.2 Puùpa |
18.7 Puùpa |
|
4.10 Puppha |
8.10 Puùpa |
18.4 Puùpa |
18.10 Puùpa |
|
4.11 Puppha |
8.1 Puùpa |
18.6 Puùpa |
6.16 øãla |
|
4.12 Puppha |
8.2 Puùpa |
18.7 Puùpa (cd)* |
6.17 øãla (acd) |
|
4.13 Puppha |
8.3 Puùpa |
|
6.18 øãla |
|
4.14 Puppha |
8.4 Puùpa |
18.8 Puùpa |
6.19 øãla |
|
4.15 Puppha |
8.15 Puùpa |
18.14 Puùpa |
18.12 Puùpa |
|
4.16 Puppha |
8.16 Puùpa |
18.15 Puùpa |
18.13 Puùpa
|
|
16 |
16 |
14 |
16 |
5: Bàlavagga
|
Pàëi |
Patna |
Gàndhàrã |
Udànavarga
|
|
5.1 Bàla |
11.12 Bàla |
|
1.19 Anitya |
|
5.2 Bàla |
|
|
14.15 Droha (acd) |
|
5.3 Bàla |
|
|
1.20 Anitya |
|
5.4 Bàla |
11.11 Bàla |
|
25.22 Mitra |
|
5.5 Bàla |
11.18 Bàla |
14.10 Paõida (abc) |
25.13 Mitra |
|
5.6 Bàla |
11.19 Bàla |
14.11 Paõida (abc) |
25.14 Mitra |
|
5.7 Bàla |
11.1 Bàla |
|
9.13 Karma |
|
5.8 Bàla |
11.2 Bàla |
|
9.14 Karma |
|
5.9 Bàla |
11.3 Bàla |
|
9.15 Karma |
|
5.10 Bàla |
|
|
28.18 Pàpa |
|
5.11 Bàla |
21.13 Sahasra (abd) |
|
24.17 Peyàla (abd) |
|
5.12 Bàla |
7.12 Kalyàõã |
|
9.17 Karma |
|
5.13 Bàla |
11.4 Bàla |
|
13.2 Satkàra |
|
5.14 Bàla |
11.5 Bàla |
|
13.3 Satkàra |
|
5.15 Bàla |
11.6 (abd) & 11.7 (ab) Bàla |
|
13.4 (bd) & 13.5 (ab) Satkàra |
|
5.16 Bàla |
11.7 (cd) & 11.8 Bàla |
|
13.5cd & 13.6 Satkàra
|
|
16 |
13 |
2 |
16 |
6: Paõóitavagga
|
Pàëi |
Patna |
Gàndhàrã |
Udànavarga
|
|
6.1 Paõóita |
12.12 Attha |
14.8 Paõida |
28.7 Pàpa |
|
6.2 Paõóita |
12.13 Attha |
14.7 Paõida |
5.26 Priya |
|
6.3 Paõóita |
12.11 Attha |
|
25.3 Mitra |
|
6.4 Paõóita |
19.7 Citta |
14.1 Paõida |
30.13 Sukha |
|
6.5 Paõóita |
|
|
17.10 Udaka |
|
6.6 Paõóita |
6.10 øoka |
14.16 Paõida |
29.49 Yuga |
|
6.7 Paõóita |
15.15 âsava |
14.2 Paõida |
17.11 Udaka |
|
6.8 Paõóita |
5.16 Attha |
14.3 Paõida |
30.52 Sukha |
|
6.9 Paõóita |
17.21 âtta |
20.3 øila? |
|
|
6.10 Paõóita |
15.1 âsava |
|
29.33 Yuga |
|
6.11 Paõóita |
15.2 âsava |
|
29.34 Yuga |
|
6.12 Paõóita |
15.3 âsava |
|
16.14 Prakirõaka |
|
6.13 Paõóita |
15.4 âsava |
|
16.14 Prakirõaka (ef) |
|
6.14 Paõóita |
15.5 âsava |
|
31.39 Citta
|
|
14 |
13 |
7 |
13 |
7: Arahantavagga
|
Pàëi |
Patna |
Gàndhàrã |
Udànavarga
|
|
7.1 Arahanta |
6.3 øoka |
|
29.35 Yuga |
|
7.2 Arahanta |
13.16 øaraõa |
|
17.1 Udaka |
|
7.3 Arahanta |
6.4ab øoka & 15.10c-f âsava |
|
29.26 Yuga |
|
7.4 Arahanta |
15.10 âsava |
|
29.29 Yuga |
|
7.5 Arahanta |
6.6 øoka |
|
19.3 Aèva |
|
7.6 Arahanta |
|
|
|
|
7.7 Arahanta |
6.5 øoka |
|
31.45 Citta |
|
7.8 Arahanta |
18.7 Dadantã |
|
29.23 Yuga |
|
7.9 Arahanta |
14.7 Khànti |
|
29.18 Yuga |
|
7.10 Arahanta |
9.19 Tahna |
|
29.17 Yuga
|
|
10 |
9 |
|
9 |