Patna Dharmapada Home Page Next Varggaḥ
16: Vācā
−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−⏑−,¦⏑⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī x 4
vācānurakkhī manasā susaṁvto kāyena yo akuśalaṁ na sevati|
−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−⏑,−¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
etettayo Cone indicates the word may also be read: trayo.01 kaṁmapathe viśodhiya prāppojja so śāntipadaṁ anuttaraṁ I can find no parallel to this line in the Pāḷi texts.02 ||
−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−⏑⏑,¦⏑⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Jagatī / Tuṭṭhubha
vācānurakkhī manasā susaṁvuto kāyena ca akusalaṁ na kayirā,
−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−⏑−¦−−,⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī x 2
ete tayo kammapathe visodhaye ārādhaye maggaṁ isippaveditaṁ.
−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
kāyapradoṣaṁ rakkheyā kāyena saṁvto siyā |
−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
kāyaduccaritaṁ hettā kāyena sucaritaṁ care This and the next 3 verses occur in the same order at the end of the Pāḷi Kodhvaggo.03 ||
−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
kāyappakopaṁ rakkheyya kāyena saṁvuto siyā,
−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
kāyaduccaritaṁ hitvā kāyena sucaritaṁ care.
−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
vācāpradoṣaṁ rakkheyā vācāya saṁvto siyā |
−−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
vācāduccaritaṁ hettā vācāya sucaritaṁ care ||
⏑−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
vacīpakopaṁ rakkheyya vācāya saṁvuto siyā,
⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
vacīduccaritaṁ hitvā vācāya sucaritaṁ care.
⏑−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
manapradoṣaṁ rakkheyā manasā saṁvto siyā |
⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
manoduccaritaṁ hettā manasā sucaritaṁ care ||
⏑−⏑−¦−−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
manopakopaṁ rakkheyya manasā saṁvuto siyā,
⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑− pathyā
manoduccaritaṁ hitvā manasā sucaritaṁ care.
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑−⏑−
kāyena saṁvtā dhīrā vācāya utta cetasā |
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sabbattha saṁvtā dhīrā te ve suparisaṁvtā ||
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
kāyena saṁvutā dhīrā atho vācāya saṁvutā,
⏑⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
manasā saṁvutā dhīrā te ve suparisaṁvutā.
−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
porāṇam etaṁ ādhora na etaṁ ahunā-r-iva |
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
nindanti tohnim āsīnaṁ nindanti mitabhāṇikaṁ |
⏑⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
bahubhāṇikaṁ pi nindanti Lines d and e are in reverese order in the Pāḷi verse.04 nāsti loke anindito ||
−−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− bhavipulā
porāṇam etaṁ atula netaṁ ajjatanām iva,
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
nindanti tuṇhim āsīnaṁ nindanti bahubhāṇinaṁ,
⏑⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
mitabhāṇinam pi nindanti natthi loke anindito.
⏑−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−¦¦⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑− Anuṣṭhubh
na cābhu na ca bhaviṣyati na cetarahi vijjati |
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
ekāntanindito poṣo ekāntaṁ vā praśaṁsito ||
⏑−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−¦¦⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑− Anuṭṭhubha
na cāhu na ca bhavissati na cetarahi vijjati
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
ekantaṁ nindito poso ekantaṁ vā pasaṁsito.
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
yañ ca bālā adhaṁmaṭṭhaṁ pūjeyu garaheyu I believe this = pūjeyuṁ garaheyuṁ, with anusvāra lost m.c., though it is not necessary in the first word.05 vā |
⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
aviñūṁ Scribal error, read: aviṁñūṁ.06 avibhāvāya na taṁ atthāya kāyaci I can find no parallel to this verse in the Pāḷi texts, or in any of the parallels.07 ||
−⏑⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
yaṁ ca viñū Scribal error, read: viṁñū.08 praśaṁsanti anuvicca suve suve |
−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
acchidravattiṁ medhāviṁ praṁñāśīlasamāhitaṁ ||
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
yañ ce viññū pasaṁsanti anuvicca suve suve,
−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
acchiddavuttiṁ medhāviṁ paññāsīlasamāhitaṁ,
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
nikkhaṁ jāṁbūnadasseva ko taṁ ninditum arihati |
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
devā pi naṁ praśansanti brahmuṇā pi praśaṁsito ||
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
nekkhaṁ jambonadasseva ko taṁ ninditum arahati?
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
devā pi naṁ pasaṁsanti brahmunā pi pasaṁsito.
[288 ≈ Dhp 262, Dhammaṭṭhavaggo]
⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
na vākkaraṇamātteṇa Cone indicates that this word may also be read: -matreṇa.09 vannapukkhalatāya vā |
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
sādhurūpī naro hoti iśśukī maccharī śaṭho ||
⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
na vākkaraṇamattena vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
sādhurūpo naro hoti issukī maccharī saṭho.
[289ab ≈ Dhp 261ab, cd ≈ Dhp 263cd, Dhammaṭṭhavaggo]
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
yamhi saccaṁ ca dhammo ca viratī saṁyyamo damo |
⏑−⏑−¦−−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
sa vāntadoṣo medhāvī sādhurūpī ti vuccati ||
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
yamhi saccañ ca dhammo ca ahiṁsā saṁyamo damo,
⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sa ve vantamalo dhīro thero iti pavuccati.
————
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− pathyā
yassa cetaṁ samucchinnaṁ mūlaghaccaṁ samūhataṁ
⏑−⏑−¦−−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
sa vantadoso medhāvī sādhurūpo ti vuccati.
⏑−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−−¦¦⏑−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubh x 4
bahuṁ pi ce sahitaṁ bhāṣamāno na takkaro hoti naro pramatto |
−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦⏑−⏑−,¦−−¦−⏑−−
gopo va gāvo gaṇayaṁ paresaṁ na bhāgavā śāmaṇṇassa This word is written as śāmann- in the next verse, also cf. śāmannaṁ, 296c; and śāmannatā, 66c. Two light syllables have been replaced by one heavy one at the 5th.10 hoti ||
⏑−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−−¦¦⏑−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 4
bahum pi ce sahitaṁ bhāsamāno na takkaro hoti naro pamatto,
−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦⏑−⏑−,¦−−¦−⏑−−
gopo va gāvo gaṇayaṁ paresaṁ na bhāgavā sāmaññassa hoti.
−−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubh x 6
appaṁ pi ce sahitaṁ bhāṣamāno dhammassa hoti anudhammacārī |
−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
rāgaṁ ca doṣaṁ ca prahāya I count pr- as not making position here to avoid the heavy 6th syllable.11 mohaṁ vimuttacitto akhilo akaṁcho |
⏑⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦⏑−⏑−,¦−−¦−⏑−−
anupādiyāno iha vā hure vā sa bhāgavā śāmannassa hoti Two light syllables have been replaced by one heavy one at the 5th, cf. the previous verse.12 ||
−−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 6
appam pi ce sahitaṁ bhāsamāno dhammassa hoti anudhammacārī,
−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
rāgañ ca dosañ ca pahāya mohaṁ sammappajāno suvimuttacitto,
⏑⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦⏑−⏑−,¦−−¦−⏑−−
anupādiyāno idha vā huraṁ vā sa bhāgavā sāmaññassa hoti.
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
saccaṁ bhaṇe na kujjheyā Cone indicates that this word may also be read: krujjheyā.13 deyā appā pi yācito |
−−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
etehi ttihi ṭṭhāṇehi I count ṭṭh- as not making position here. Otherwise we have a malformed mavipulā.14 gacche devāna Anusvāra has been lost m.c. here.15 santike ||
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
saccaṁ bhaṇe na kujjheyya dajjāppasmim pi yācito,
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
etehi tīhi ṭhānehi gacche devāna' santike.
⏑−⏑−¦−,−⏑−¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubh x 4
na ve kadāryyā devalokaṁ vrajanti This is an example of the extended Triṣṭubh, pausing at the fifth and re-starting from the same syllable.16 bālā hi bhe Cone indicates that this word may also be read: te.17 na praśaṁsanti dānaṁ |
−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦−⏑−¦−⏑−−
dhīro tu dānaṁ anumodamāno teneva so devalokaṁ pareti ||
⏑−⏑−¦−,−⏑−¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦−⏑−¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 4
na ve kadariyā devalokaṁ vajanti bālā have nappasaṁsanti dānaṁ,
−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−
dhīro ca dānaṁ anumodamāno teneva so hoti sukhī parattha.
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
śīlavantaṁ śuciṁ dacchaṁ dhammaṭṭhaṁ saccavādinaṁ |
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
āttano kārakaṁ śantaṁ taṁ jano kurute priyaṁ ||
−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
sīladassanasampannaṁ dhammaṭṭhaṁ saccavedinaṁ
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
attano kamma kubbānaṁ taṁ jano kurute piyaṁ.
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
śreyo ayoguḍā bhuttā tattā aggiśikhopamā |
−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
yaṁ ca bhuñjeya -ă is m.c. to give the normal cadence18 duśśīlo rāṣṭapiṇḍaṁ asaṁyyato ||
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
seyyo ayoguḷo bhutto tatto aggisikhūpamo,
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
yañ ce bhuñjeyya dussīlo raṭṭhapiṇḍaṁ asaññato.
⏑−⏑−¦−⏑−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− ravipulā
kuśo yathā dugghīto hastam evānukaṁtati |
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
śāmannaṁ dupparāmāṭṭhaṁ nirayāya upakaṭṭati ||
⏑−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− bhavipulā
kuso yathā duggahito hattham evānukantati,
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sāmaññaṁ dupparāmaṭṭhaṁ nirayāyupakaḍḍhati.
−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
ekadhaṁmam atītassa muṣāvādissa jaṁtuno |
⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
vitinnaparalokassa nāsti pāpaṁ akāriyaṁ -ā- is m.c. to give the normal cadence.19 ||
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
ekaṁ dhammaṁ atītassa musāvādissa jantuno
⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
vitiṇṇaparalokassa natthi pāpaṁ akāriyaṁ.
⏑⏑−−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑− navipulā
na hi śastaṁ suniśitaṁ viṣaṁ hālāhalaṁ tathā |
−−−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
evaṁ khipraṁ atipāteti vācā dubbhāṣitā yathā ||
⏑⏑−−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−⏑−¦⏑−⏑− navipulā
na hi satthaṁ sunisitaṁ visaṁ halāhalaṁ iva,
−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
evaṁ nikaṭṭhe pāteti vācā dubbhāsitā yathā.
⏑⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
puruṣassa jāyamānassa kuṭhārī jāyate mukhe |
−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
yāya chindati āttānaṁ vācaṁ dubbhāṣitaṁ bhaṇaṁ This and the next 3 verses are found in this sequence at the beginning of the verse section of Kokālikasuttaṁ, Sn. 3.10, vv. 1-4.20 ||
⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−⏑−¦⏑−⏑−
purisassa hi jātassa kuṭhāri jāyate mukhe.
−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
yāya chindati attānaṁ bālo dubbhāsitaṁ bhaṇaṁ.
−⏑−⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Vaitālīya x 4
yo hi nindiye praśaṁsati uttavā nindati yo praśaṁsiye This line shows the variant opening in which the first syllable has to be counted as light to fit the metre.21 |
⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
vicināti mukhena so kaliṁ kalinā tena sukhaṁ na vindati ||
−−⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Vetālīya x 4
yo nindiyaṁ pasaṁsati The opening is one syllable short, we could correct it by reading nindīyaṁ, or by reading yo hi as in Patna.22 taṁ vā nindati yo pasaṁsiyo,
⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
vicināti mukhena so kaliṁ kalinā tena sukhaṁ na vindati.
−−−¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Vaitālīya x 5
appāmātto ayaṁ kalī yo akkhehi dhanaṁ parājaye |
¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
sabbassaṁ pi sahāpi āttanā This is a secondary posterior line, where we would expect a prior line.23
⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑⏑−⏑−¦¦−⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
ayam eva mahataro Cone indicates that this word may also be read: mahattaro. This would seem to be preferable as it would give the normal cadence.24 kalī yo sugatesu manaṁ pradūṣaye ||
−⏑−¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦⏑⏑−⏑− Vetālīya x 5
appamatto ayaṁ kali The opening is again one syllable short,25 yo akkhesu dhanaparājayo, The cadence is wrong here, we can correct it by reading dhanaṁ parājayo. Cf. Patna.26
¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
sabbassāpi sahāpi attanā
⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
ayam eva mahantaro kali yo sugatesu manaṁ padosaye.
⏑−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubh x 2
śataṁ sahasrāṇi nirabbudānāṁ chattrīśatiṁ paṁca ca abbudāni |
−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Triṣṭubh / Jagatī
yaṁ ayiragarahī We have to ignore the svarabhakti twice in this compound to produce the normal opening; -ī is m.c. to give the break −⏑⏑.27 nirayaṁ upeti vācaṁ manaṁ ca praṇidhāya pāpikāṁ ||
⏑−⏑−¦−−,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑⏑,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 2
sataṁ sahassānaṁ This break is unusual in that it has a heavy 6th syllable, but it does occur in this form in the early texts as I have shown in my study of the Pārāyanavaggo (it also occurs 3 times in Dhammapada: 144a; 221c; 281d.28 nirabbudānaṁ chattiṁsati We need to read -satī here to give the normal opening.29 pañca ca abbudāni .
⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦⏑,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Tuṭṭhubha / Jagatī
yam ariyagarahī nirayaṁ upeti vācaṁ manañ ca paṇidhāya pāpakaṁ.
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
kallāṇim eva bhāṣeyā na 'ssa mucceya pāpikā |
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
mokkho kallāṇiye śreyo muttā tapati pāpikāṁ ||
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
kalyāṇim eva muñceyya na hi muñceyya pāpikaṁ,
−−−−¦⏑−−⏑¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
mokkho kalyāṇiyā sādhu mutvā tappati pāpikaṁ
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
kallāṇim eva seveyā na 'ssa mucceya pāpikā |
−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
mokkho kallāṇiye śreyo muttā tapati pāpikāṁ ||
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
kalyāṇim eva muñceyya na hi muñceyya pāpikaṁ,
−−−−¦⏑−−⏑¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
mokkho kalyāṇiyā sādhu mutvā tapati pāpikaṁ
−−−−¦−,−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
vācaṁ bhāṣeyā kallāṇiṁ na 'ssa mucceya pāpikā Cone indicates that this word may also be read: pāpikāṁ.30 |
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jātaṁ krodhaṁ nivāreyā so biṣabbhi nirujjhati I can find no parallel to this pādayuga in the Pāḷi texts.31 ||
−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
kalyāṇim eva muñceyya na hi muñceyya pāpikaṁ,
−−−−¦⏑−−⏑¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
mokkho kalyāṇiyā sādhu mutvā tappati pāpikaṁ
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