The Discourse about the Observance

ekaṁ samayaṁ Bhagavā Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati,
at one time the Gracious One was dwelling near Sāvatthī,

Pubbārāme Migāramātupāsāde.
at the Eastern Monastery in Migāra's mother's mansion.

tadahuposathe Bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisinno hoti.
was sitting surrounded by the Community of monks on the Observance Day.

Atha kho āyasmā Ānando abhikkantāya rattiyā,
Then venerable Ānanda, when the night had passed,

nikkhante paṭhame yāme, uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṁsaṁ cīvaraṁ katvā,
when the first watch of the night had gone, after rising from his seat, arranging his robe on one shoulder,

yena Bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā Bhagavantaṁ etad-avoca:
and raising his hands in respectful salutation, said this to the Gracious One:

“Abhikkantā bhante ratti, nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo,
“The night has passed, reverend Sir, the first watch of the night has gone,

cīranisinno Bhikkhusaṅgho,
for a long time the Community of monks has been sitting,

uddisatu bhante Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṁ Pātimokkhan”-ti.
may the Gracious One recite the Pātimokkha for the monks.”

Evaṁ vutte, Bhagavā tuṇhī ahosi.
When that was said, the Gracious One was silent.

Dutiyam-pi kho āyasmā Ānando, abhikkantāya rattiyā,
For a second time venerable Ānanda, when the night had passed,

nikkhante majjhime yāme, uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṁsaṁ cīvaraṁ katvā,
when the middle watch of the night had gone, after rising from his seat, arranging his robe on one shoulder,

yena Bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā Bhagavantaṁ etad-avoca:
and raising his hands in respectful salutation, said this to the Gracious One:

“Abhikkantā bhante ratti, nikkhanto majjhimo yāmo,
“The night has passed, reverend Sir, the middle watch of the night has gone,

ciranisinno Bhikkhusaṅgho,
for a long time the Community of monks has been sitting,

uddisatu bhante Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṁ Pātimokkhan”-ti.
may the Gracious One recite the Pātimokkha for the monks.”

Dutiyam-pi kho Bhagavā tuṇhī ahosi.
For a second time the Gracious One was silent.

Tatiyam-pi kho āyasmā Ānando, abhikkantāya rattiyā,
For a third time venerable Ānanda, when the night had passed,

nikkhante pacchime yāme, uddhaṭe aruṇe, nandimukhiyā rattiyā
when the last watch of the night had gone, when dawn had risen, when the night had a joyful appearance,

uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṁsaṁ cīvaraṁ katvā,
after rising from his seat, arranging his robe on one shoulder,

yena Bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā Bhagavantaṁ etad-avoca:
and raising his hands in respectful salutation, said this to the Gracious One:

“Abhikkantā bhante ratti, nikkhanto pacchimo yāmo,
“The night has passed, reverend Sir, the last watch of the night has gone,

uddhaṭo aruṇo, nandimukhī ratti, ciranisinno Bhikkhusaṅgho,
dawn has risen, the night has a joyful appearance, for a long time the Community of monks has been sitting,

uddisatu bhante Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṁ Pātimokkhan”-ti.
may the Gracious One recite the Pātimokkha for the monks.”

“Aparisuddhā Ānanda parisā” ti.
“The assembly is not completely pure, Ānanda.”

Atha kho āyasmato Mahāmoggallānassa etad-ahosi:
Then it occurred to venerable Mahāmoggallāna:

“Kaṁ nu kho Bhagavā puggalaṁ sandhāya evam-āha:
“With regard to which person did the Gracious One say this:

‘Aparisuddhā Ānanda parisā’? ” ti.
‘The assembly is not completely pure, Ānanda’? ”

sabbāvantaṁ Bhikkhusaṅghaṁ cetasā ceto paricca manasākāsi.
applied his mind and encompassed fully the whole of that Community of monks with his mind.

Addasā kho āyasmā Mahāmoggallāno taṁ puggalaṁ dussīlaṁ,
Venerable Mahāmoggallāna saw that person who was lacking in virtue,

pāpadhammaṁ, asucisaṅkassarasamācāraṁ, paṭicchannakammantaṁ,
of bad character, of impure and doubtful conduct, who covered up his deeds,

assamaṇaṁ samaṇapaṭiññaṁ, abrahmacāriṁ brahmacāripaṭiññaṁ
who was not an ascetic, though making it known he was an ascetic, who was not living the spiritual life, though making it known he was living the spiritual life,

antopūtiṁ, avassutaṁ, kasambujātaṁ
who was filthy inside, polluted, and gone rotten,

majjhe Bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinnaṁ.
sat in the middle of the Community of monks.

Disvāna, uṭṭhāyāsanā yena so puggalo tenupasaṅkami,
Having seen (him), after rising from his seat he went to that person,

upasaṅkamitvā, taṁ puggalaṁ etad-avoca:
and after going, he said this to that person:

“Uṭṭhehāvuso diṭṭhosi Bhagavatā,
“Get up, friend, you have been seen by the Gracious One,

natthi te bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ saṁvāso” ti.
there is no longer communion for you with the monks.”

Dutiyam-pi kho āyasmā Mahāmoggallāno taṁ puggalaṁ etad-avoca:
For a second time venerable Mahāmoggallāna said this to that person:

“Uṭṭhehāvuso diṭṭhosi Bhagavatā,
“Get up, friend, you have been seen by the Gracious One,

natthi te bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ saṁvāso” ti.
there is no longer communion for you with the monks.”

Dutiyam-pi kho so puggalo tuṇhī ahosi.
For a second time that person was silent.

Tatiyam-pi kho āyasmā Mahāmoggallāno taṁ puggalaṁ etad-avoca:
For a third time venerable Mahāmoggallāna said this to that person:

“Uṭṭhehāvuso diṭṭhosi Bhagavatā,
“Get up, friend, you have been seen by the Gracious One,

natthi te bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ saṁvāso” ti.
there is no longer communion for you with the monks.”

Tatiyam-pi kho so puggalo tuṇhī ahosi.
For a third time that person was silent.

Atha kho āyasmā Mahāmoggallāno taṁ puggalaṁ bāhāyaṁ gahetvā,
Then venerable Mahāmoggallāna, having taken that person by the arm,

bahidvārakoṭṭhakā nikkhāmetvā, sūcighaṭikaṁ datvā,
having expelled him outside the doorway, and drawn the lock,

upasaṅkamitvā Bhagavantaṁ etad-avoca:
and after going, he said this to the Gracious One:

“Nikkhāmito bhante so puggalo mayā, parisuddhā parisā,
“I have expelled that person, reverend Sir, the assembly is (now) completely pure,

uddisatu bhante Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṁ Pātimokkhan”-ti.
may the Gracious One, venerable Sir, recite the Pātimokkha for the monks.”

“Acchariyaṁ Moggallāna, abbhutaṁ Moggallāna,
“It is wonderful, Moggallāna, it is marvellous, Moggallāna,

yāva bāhā gahaṇā pi nāma so moghapuriso āgamessatī” ti. āgamessati is from āgameti, causative of āgacchati. The future has the meaning of the past tense here.⁰¹
how that foolish person waited until he was grabbed by the arm.”

Atha kho Bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:
Then the Gracious One addressed the monks:

“Na dānāhaṁ bhikkhave itoparaṁ Uposathaṁ karissāmi,
“From now onwards, monks, I will not hold the Observance,

Tumheva dāni bhikkhave itoparaṁ Uposathaṁ kareyyātha,
From now onwards, monks, you must hold the Observance,

Aṭṭhānam-etaṁ bhikkhave anavakāso,
This is impossible, monks, it is not permitted,

yaṁ Tathāgato aparisuddhāya parisāya Uposathaṁ kareyya,
that the Realised One should hold the Observance in an assembly that is not completely pure,

Aṭṭhime bhikkhave mahāsamudde acchariyā abbhutā dhammā,
There are these eight wonderful and marvellous things about the great ocean, monks,

ye disvā disvā I translate disvā disvā here with it's concrete and abstract meanings.⁰² Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

1. Mahāsamuddo bhikkhave anupubbaninno, anupubbapoṇo,
The great ocean, monks, gradually inclines, gradually slopes,

anupubbapabbhāro, nāyatakeneva papāto.
gradually slants, certainly does not have an abrupt falling away.

Yaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo anupubbaninno, anupubbapoṇo,
That the great ocean, monks, gradually inclines, gradually slopes,

anupubbapabbhāro, nāyatakeneva papāto,
gradually slants, certainly does not have an abrupt falling away,

ayaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamudde paṭhamo
^o monks, is the first wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhuto dhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

2. Puna caparaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo ṭhitadhammo
Furthermore, monks, the great ocean is a steady thing,

velaṁ nātivattati.
which doesn't transgress the shoreline.

Yaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo ṭhitadhammo velaṁ nātivattati,
That the great ocean, monks, is a stable thing, which doesn't transgress the shoreline,

ayam-pi bhikkhave mahāsamudde dutiyo
monks, is the second wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhuto dhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

3. Puna caparaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo
Furthermore, monks, the great ocean

na matena kuṇapena saṁvasati,
does not endure a dead corpse,

yaṁ hoti mahāsamudde mataṁ kuṇapaṁ
and when there is a dead corpse in the great ocean

taṁ khippañ-ñeva tīraṁ vāheti, thalaṁ ussādeti.
it quickly carries it to the bank, throws it up on dry ground.

Yaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo na matena kuṇapena saṁvasati,
That the great ocean, monks, does not endure a dead corpse,

yaṁ hoti mahāsamudde mataṁ kuṇapaṁ
and when there is a dead corpse in the great ocean

taṁ khippañ-ñeva tīraṁ vāheti, thalaṁ ussādeti,
it quickly carries it to the bank, throws it up on dry ground,

ayam-pi bhikkhave mahāsamudde tatiyo
^o monks, is the third wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhuto dhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

4. Puna caparaṁ bhikkhave yā kāci mahānadiyo, seyyathīdaṁ:
Furthermore, monks, whatever great rivers there are, that is to say:

Gaṅgā, Yamunā, Aciravatī, Sarabhū, Mahī,
The Gaṅgā, the Yamunā, the Aciravatī, the Sarabhū, and the Mahī,

tā mahāsamuddaṁ patvā jahanti purimāni nāmagottāni,
having arrived at the great ocean, they give up their former lineages and names,

mahāsamuddo tveva saṅkhaṁ gacchanti.
and are then designated as the great ocean.

Yaṁ bhikkhave, yā kāci mahānadiyo, seyyathīdaṁ:
That, monks, whatever great rivers there are, that is to say:

Gaṅgā, Yamunā, Aciravatī, Sarabhū, Mahī,
The Gaṅgā, the Yamunā, the Aciravatī, the Sarabhū, and the Mahī,

tā mahāsamuddaṁ patvā, jahanti purimāni nāmagottāni,
having arrived at the great ocean, give up their former lineages and names,

mahāsamuddo tveva saṅkhaṁ gacchanti,
and are then designated as the great ocean,

ayam-pi bhikkhave mahāsamudde catuttho
^o monks, is the fourth wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhuto dhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

5. Puna caparaṁ bhikkhave yā ca loke savantiyo
Furthermore, monks, the streams in the world

mahāsamuddaṁ appenti, yā ca antaḷikkhā dhārā papatanti,
flow into the great ocean, and showers fall from the sky,

na tena mahāsamuddassa ūnattaṁ vā pūrattaṁ vā paññāyati.
but it is not known that there is a depletion or filling of the great ocean by that.

Yaṁ bhikkhave yā ca loke savantiyo mahāsamuddaṁ appenti,
That, monks, the streams in the world flow into the great ocean,

yā ca antaḷikkhā dhārā papatanti,
and showers fall from the sky,

na tena mahāsamuddassa ūnattaṁ vā pūrattaṁ vā paññāyati,
but it is not known that there is a depletion or filling of the great ocean by that,

ayam-pi bhikkhave mahāsamudde pañcamo
^o monks, is the fifth wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhuta dhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

6. Puna caparaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo ekaraso loṇaraso.
Furthermore, monks, the great ocean has one taste, the taste of salt.

Yaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo ekaraso loṇaraso,
That, monks, the great ocean has one taste, the taste of salt,

ayam-pi bhikkhave mahāsamudde chaṭṭho
^o monks, is the sixth wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

7. Puna caparaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo bahūratano,
Furthermore, monks, the great ocean has many precious things,

anekaratano, tatrimāni ratanāni, seyyathīdaṁ:
countless precious things, and therein are these precious things, that is to say:

muttā, maṇi, veḷuriyo, saṅkho, silā,
pearls, crystals, lapis lazuli, mother-of-pearl, quartz,

pavāḷaṁ, rajataṁ, jātarūpaṁ, lohitaṅko, masāragallaṁ.
coral, silver, gold, ruby, and cat's eyes.

Yaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo bahuratano,
That, monks, the great ocean has many precious things,

anekaratano, tatrimāni ratanāni, seyyathīdaṁ:
countless precious things, and therein are these precious things, that is to say:

muttā, maṇi, veḷuriyo, saṅkho, silā,
pearls, crystals, lapis lazuli, mother-of-pearl, quartz,

pavāḷaṁ, rajataṁ, jātarūpaṁ, lohitaṅko, masāragallaṁ,
coral, silver, gold, ruby, and cat's eyes,

ayam-pi bhikkhave mahāsamudde sattamo
^o monks, is the seventh wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

8. Puna caparaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo
Furthermore, monks, the great ocean

mahataṁ bhūtānaṁ āvāso, tatrime bhūtā:
is a dwelling place for great beings, and therein are these beings:

Timi, Timiṅgalo, Timirapiṅgalo, Asurā, Nāgā, Gandhabbā,
Timis, Timiṅgalas, Timirapiṅgalas, Asuras, Nāgas, Gandhabbas,

santi mahāsamudde yojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and there are in the great ocean individuals of a hundred leagues,

dviyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā, tiyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and individuals of two hundred leagues, and individuals of three hundred leagues,

catuyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā, pañcayojanasatikā pi attabhāvā.
and individuals of four hundred leagues, and individuals of five hundred leagues.

Yaṁ bhikkhave mahāsamuddo
That, monks, the great ocean

mahataṁ bhūtānaṁ āvāso, tatrime bhūtā:
is a dwelling place for great beings, and therein are these beings:

timi, timiṅgalo, timirapiṅgalo, Asurā, nāgā, gandhabbā,
Timis, Timiṅgalas, Timirapiṅgalas, Asuras, Nāgas, Gandhabbas,

santi mahāsamudde yojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and there are in the great ocean individuals of a hundred leagues,

dviyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā, tiyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and individuals of two hundred leagues, and individuals of three hundred leagues,

catuyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā, pañcayojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and individuals of four hundred leagues, and individuals of five hundred leagues,

ayam-pi bhikkhave mahāsamudde aṭṭhamo
^o monks, is the eighth wonderful and marvellous thing

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about the great ocean,

yaṁ disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

Ime kho bhikkhave mahāsamudde aṭṭha acchariyā abbhutadhammā,
These are these eight wonderful and marvellous things about the great ocean,

ye disvā disvā Asurā mahāsamudde abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the Asuras delight in the great ocean.

Evam-eva kho bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye
^o In the same way, monks, there are eight wonderful and marvellous things

ye disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

1. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave mahāsamuddo
Just as the great ocean, monks,

anupubbaninno, anupubbapoṇo,
gradually inclines, gradually slopes,

anupubbapabbhāro, nāyatakeneva papāto,
gradually slants, certainly does not fall away abruptly,

evam-eva kho bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye
so, monks, in this Dhamma and Discipline

anupubbasikkhā, anupubbakiriyā,
there is a gradual training, a gradual performance,

anupubbapaṭipadā, nāyatakeneva aññāpaṭivedho.
a gradual practice, it certainly does not have an abrupt penetration of knowledge.

Yaṁ bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye
That, monks, in this Dhamma and Discipline

anupubbasikkhā, anupubbakiriyā,
there is a gradual training, a gradual performance,

anupubbapaṭipadā, nāyatakeneva aññāpaṭivedho,
a gradual practice, and it certainly does not have an abrupt penetration of knowledge,

ayaṁ bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye paṭhamo
^o is the first wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

2. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave mahasamuddo ṭhitadhammo
Just as, monks, the great ocean is a steady thing,

velaṁ nātivattati, evam-eva kho bhikkhave
which doesn't transgress the shoreline, so, monks,

yaṁ mayā sāvakānaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ,
those training rules which are laid down by me for my disciples,

taṁ mama sāvakā jīvitahetu pi nātikkamanti.
my disciples do not transgress even for the sake of life.

Yaṁ bhikkhave mayā sāvakānaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ
That, monks, those training rules which are laid down by me for my disciples,

taṁ mama sāvakā jīvitahetu pi nātikkamanti,
my disciples do not transgress even for the sake of life,

ayam-pi bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye dutiyo
^o is the second wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

3. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave mahāsamuddo
Just as, monks, the great ocean

na matena kuṇapena saṁvasati,
does not endure a dead corpse,

yaṁ hoti mahāsamudde mataṁ kuṇapaṁ
and when there is a dead corpse in the great ocean

taṁ khippañ-ñeva tīraṁ vāheti, thalaṁ ussādeti,
it quickly carries it to the bank, throws it up on dry ground,

evam-eva kho bhikkhave yo so puggalo dussīlo
so, monks, that person who is lacking in virtue,

pāpadhammo, asucisaṅkassarasamācāro, paṭicchannakammanto,
of bad character, of impure and doubtful conduct, who covers up his deeds,

assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño, abrahmacārī brahmacāripaṭiñño,
who is not an ascetic, though making it known he is an ascetic, who is not living the spiritual life, though making it known he is living the spiritual life,

antopūti, avassuto, kasambujāto, na tena Saṅgho saṁvasati,
who is filthy inside, polluted, and gone rotten, the Community does not endure that (person),

atha kho naṁ khippañ-ñeva sannipatitvā ukkhipati,
but quickly having assembled together, suspend him,

kiñcāpi so hoti majjhe Bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinno
and whoever was sitting in the midst of the Community of monks

atha kho so ārakā va Saṅghamhā, Saṅgho ca tena.
is then far from the Community, and the Community from him.

Yaṁ bhikkhave yo so puggalo dussīlo,
That, monks, that person who is lacking in virtue,

pāpadhammo, asucisaṅkassarasamācāro paṭicchannakammanto,
of bad character, of impure and doubtful conduct, who covers up his deeds,

antopūti, avassuto, kasambujāto, na tena Saṅgho saṁvasati,
who is filthy inside, polluted, and gone rotten, the Community does not endure that (person),

atha kho naṁ khippañ-ñeva sannipatitvā ukkhipati,
but quickly having assembled together, suspend him,

kiñcāpi so hoti majjhe Bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinno,
and whoever was sitting in the midst of the Community of monks,

atha kho so ārakāva Saṅghamhā, Saṅgho ca tena,
is then far from the Community, and the Community from him,

ayam-pi bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye tatiyo
^o is the third wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

4. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave yā kāci mahānadiyo, seyyathīdaṁ:
Just as, monks, whatever great rivers there are, that is to say:

Gaṅgā, Yamunā, Aciravatī, Sarabhū, Mahī,
The Gaṅgā, the Yamunā, the Aciravatī, the Sarabhū, and the Mahī,

tā mahāsamuddaṁ patvā jahanti pūrimāni nāmagottāni,
having arrived at the great ocean, give up their former lineages and names,

mahāsamuddo tveva saṅkhaṁ gacchanti,
and are then designated as the great ocean,

evam-eva kho bhikkhave cattāro me vaṇṇā:
so, monks, there are these four classes:

Khattiyā, Brāhmaṇā, Vessā, Suddā, te Tathāgatappavedite
^o Khattiyas, Brāhmaṇas, Vessas, and Suddas, who, having gone forth

Dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitvā,
from the home to homelessness in the Dhamma and Discipline taught by the Realised One,

jahanti purimāni nāmagottāni,
give up their former lineages and names,

samaṇā Sakyaputtiyā tveva saṅkhaṁ gacchanti.
and are then designated as Sakyan ascetics.

Yaṁ bhikkhave cattāro me vaṇṇā:
That, monks, there are these four classes:

Khattiyā, Brāhmaṇā, Vessā, Suddhā, te Tathāgatappavedite
Khattiyas, Brāhmaṇas, Vessas, and Suddas, who, having gone forth

Dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitvā,
from the home to homelessness in the Dhamma and Discipline taught by the Realised One,

jahanti purimāni nāmagottāni,
give up their former lineages and names,

samaṇā Sakyaputtiyā tveva saṅkhaṁ gacchanti,
and are then designated as Sakyan ascetics,

ayam-pi bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye catuttho
^o is the fourth wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

5. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave yā ca loke savantiyo
Just as, monks, the streams in the world

mahāsamuddaṁ appenti, yā ca antaḷikkhā dhārā papatanti,
flow into the great ocean, and showers fall from the sky,

na tena mahāsamuddassa ūnattaṁ vā pūrattaṁ vā paññāyati,
but it is not known that there is a depletion or filling of the great ocean by that,

evam-eva kho bhikkhave bahū ce pi bhikkhū,
so, monks, even if many monks,

anupādisesāya Nibbānadhātuyā Parinibbāyanti,
are completely emancipated in the Emancipation-element which has no basis for attachment remaining,

na tena Nibbānadhātuyā ūnattaṁ vā pūrattaṁ vā paññāyati.
it is not known that the Emancipation-element is either depleted or filled by that.

Yaṁ bhikkhave bahū ce pi bhikkhū,
That, monks, even if many monks,

anupādisesāya Nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyanti,
are completely emancipated in the Emancipation-element which has no basis for attachment remaining,

na tena Nibbānadhātuyā ūnattaṁ vā pūrattaṁ vā paññāyati,
it is not known that the Emancipation-element is either depleted or filled by that,

ayam-pi bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye pañcamo
^o is the fifth wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

6. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave mahāsamuddo ekaraso loṇaraso,
Just as, monks, the great ocean has one taste, the taste of salt,

evam-eva kho bhikkhave ayaṁ Dhammavinayo
so, monks, this Dhamma and Discipline

ekaraso vimuttiraso.
has one taste, the taste of freedom.

Yaṁ bhikkhave ayaṁ Dhammavinayo ekaraso vimuttiraso,
That, monks, this Dhamma and Discipline has one taste, the taste of freedom,

ayam-pi bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye chaṭṭho
^o is the sixth wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

7. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave mahāsamuddo bahuratano,
Just as, monks, the great ocean has many precious things,

anekaratano, tatrimāni ratanāni: seyyathīdaṁ:
countless precious things, and therein are these precious things, that is to say:

muttā, maṇi, veḷuriyo, saṅkho, silā, quartz,
pearls, crystals, lapis lazuli, mother-of-pearl, quartz,

pavāḷaṁ, rajataṁ, jātarūpaṁ, lohitaṅko, masāragallaṁ,
coral, silver, gold, ruby, and cat's eye,

evam-eva kho bhikkhave ayaṁ Dhammavinayo
so, monks, this Dhamma and Discipline

bahuratano, anekaratano, tatrimāni ratanāni: seyyathīdaṁ:
has many precious things, countless precious things, and therein are these precious things, that is to say:

cattāri satipaṭṭhānāni, cattāri sammappadhānāni,
the four ways of attending to mindfulness, the four right efforts,

cattāro iddhipādā, pañcindriyāni, pañcabalāni,
the four paths to power, the five faculties, the five strengths,

sattabojjhaṅgā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo.
the seven factors of Awakening, the eight-fold noble path.

Yaṁ bhikkhave ayaṁ Dhammavinayo bahuratano, anekaratano,
That, monks, this Dhamma and Discipline has many precious things, countless precious things,

tatrimāni ratanāni: seyyathīdaṁ:
and therein are these precious things, that is to say:

cattāri satipaṭṭhānāni, cattāri sammappadhānāni,
the four ways of attending to mindfulness, the four right efforts,

cattāro iddhipādā, pañcindriyāni, pañcabalāni,
the four paths to power, the five faculties, the five strengths,

sattabojjhaṅgā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo,
the seven factors of Awakening, the eight-fold noble path,

ayam-pi bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye sattamo
^o is the seventh wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

8. Seyyathā pi bhikkhave mahāsamuddo
Just as, monks, the great ocean,

mahataṁ bhūtānaṁ āvāso, tatrime bhūtā:
is a dwelling place for great beings and therein are these beings:

Timi, Timiṅgalo, Timirapiṅgalo, Asurā, Nāgā, Gandhabbā,
Timis, Timiṅgalas, Timirapiṅgalas, Asuras, Nāgas, Gandhabbas,

santi mahāsamudde yojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and there are in the great ocean individuals of a hundred leagues,

dviyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā, tiyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and individuals of two hundred leagues, and individuals of three hundred leagues,

catuyojanasatikā pi attabhāvā, pañcayojanasatikā pi attabhāvā,
and individuals of four hundred leagues, and individuals of five hundred leagues,

evam-eva kho bhikkhave ayaṁ Dhammavinayo
so, monks, this Dhamma and Discipline

mahataṁ bhūtānaṁ āvāso, tatrime bhūtā:
is a dwelling place for great beings, and therein are these beings:

sotāpanno, sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno,
the stream-enterer, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of stream-entry,

sakadāgāmi, sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno,
the once-returner, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of once-returning,

anāgāmi, anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno,
the non-returner, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of non-returning,

Arahā, Arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno.
the Worthy One, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of Worthiness.

Yaṁ bhikkhave ayaṁ Dhammavinayo
That, monks, this Dhamma and Discipline

mahataṁ bhūtānaṁ āvāso, tatrime bhūtā:
is a dwelling place for great beings, and therein are these beings:

sotāpanno, sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno,
the stream-enterer, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of stream-entry,

sakadāgāmi, sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno,
the once-returner, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of once-returning,

anāgāmi, anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno,
the non-returner, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of non-returning,

Arahā, Arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno,
the Worthy One, and he who is practising for the direct realisation of the fruit of Worthiness,

ayaṁ bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye
^o is the eighth wonderful and marvellous thing, monks,

aṭṭhamo acchariyo abbhutadhammo,
about this Dhamma and Discipline,

yaṁ disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramanti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.

Ime kho bhikkhave imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye
^o These are the eight wonderful and marvellous things

ye disvā disvā bhikkhū imasmiṁ Dhammavinaye abhiramantī” ti.
which, having seen and considered, the monks delight in this Dhamma and Discipline.”

Atha kho Bhagavā, etam-atthaṁ viditvā,
Then the Gracious One, having understood the significance of it,

tāyaṁ velāyaṁ imaṁ udānaṁ udānesi:
on that occasion uttered this exalted utterance: