Mahakhandhako - Pathamadesana

Atha kho Bhagavā sattāhassa accayena, tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā, Rājāyatanamūlā yena Ajapālanigrodho tenupasaṅkami, PTS inserts: upasaṅkamitvā; but this would be an awkward construction and is not normally used. tatra sudaṁ Bhagavā Ajapālanigrodhamūle viharati.

Atha kho Bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa, evaṁ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: “Adhigato kho mayāyaṁ BJT, PTS, ChS: myāyaṁ, here and below = mayā + ayaṁ, although the main editions have it I do not see how the sandhi of these words can give rise to the form myāyaṁ. Dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho, santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṁ pajā ālayaratā BJT omits: ālayaratā, perhaps by mistake, as it is included in the repetition below. ālayasammuditā, ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṁ idaṁ ṭhānaṁ, yad-idaṁ: idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idam-pi kho ṭhānaṁ sududdasaṁ, yad-idaṁ:

sabbasaṅkhārasamatho,
sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo,
taṇhakkhayo,
virāgo,
nirodho,
Nibbānaṁ. BJT: Nibbāṇaṁ, throughout, the spelling with the cerebral -ṇ- is a Sanskritisation.

Ahañ-ce va kho pana Dhammaṁ deseyyaṁ pare ca me na ājāneyyuṁ so mamassa kilamatho sā mamassa vihesā.” ti

Apissu Bhagavantaṁ imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṁsu pubbe assutapubbā:

−−⏑−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− navipulā
“Kicchena me adhigataṁ halan-dāni pakāsituṁ?

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑− pathyā
Rāgadosaparetehi nāyaṁ Dhammo susambudho.

⏑⏑−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
Paṭisotagāmiṁ PTS: Paṭisotagāmi, which is probably a printer’s error. nipuṇaṁ gambhīraṁ duddasaṁ aṇuṁ,

−⏑−−¦⏑−−⏑¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokkhandhena PTS, ChS: tamokhandhena, alternate spelling. āvuṭā.” ti

Itiha Bhagavato paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṁ namati, no Dhammadesanāya.

Atha kho Brahmuno Sahampatissa, Bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkam-aññāya etad-ahosi: “Nassati vata bho loko, vinassati vata bho loko, yatra hi nāma Tathāgatassa Arahato Sammāsambuddhassa appossukkatāya cittaṁ namati no Dhammadesanāyā.” ti

Atha kho Brahmā Sahampati seyyathā pi nāma balavā puriso sammiñjitaṁ ChS: samiñjitaṁ, alternate spelling, without gemination. Similarly throughout. vā bāhaṁ pasāreyya pasāritaṁ vā bāhaṁ sammiñjeyya evam-eva Brahmaloke antarahito Bhagavato purato pātur-ahosi.

Atha kho Brahmā Sahampati, ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā, dakkhiṇaṁ jāṇumaṇḍalaṁ Thai, ChS: dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalaṁ, compound form of the words in the text. paṭhaviyaṁ BJT: puṭhuviyaṁ, a variant spelling of the same word. nihantvā, yena Bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā, Bhagavantaṁ etad-avoca: “Desetu Bhante Bhagavā Dhammaṁ desetu Sugato Dhammaṁ, santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā assavanatā BJT: assavaṇatā, showing the n/ṇ alternation that is seen in the texts. Dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti Dhammassa aññātāro.” ti

Idam-avoca Brahmā Sahampati, idaṁ vatvāna PTS, Thai: vatvā, alternate form of the absolutive, and similarly throughout. athāparaṁ etad-avoca:

−−⏑−¦⏑,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Pātūr-ahosi ChS: pātur-, and similarly throughout. The long 2nd syllable in pātūr- in the text is m.c. to give the regular opening. Magadhesu pubbe

−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito,

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Apāpuretaṁ Amatassa dvāraṁ

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− extended Tuṭṭhubha
Suṇantu Dhammaṁ Vimalenānubuddhaṁ.

−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Sele yathā pabbatam-uddhaniṭṭhito PTS: pabbatamuddhani ṭhito, spoiling the cadence.

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Yathā pi passe janataṁ samantato

⏑−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Tathūpamaṁ Dhammamayaṁ Sumedha

−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Pāsādam-āruyha Samantacakkhu,

−−¦⏑−−¦⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−⏑¦−−¦⏑¦−−¦− Ariyā (posterior line)
Sokāvatiṇṇaṁ janataṁ Apetasoko Avekkhassu, Alsdorf identifies two lines below as being in Ariyā metre, but did not see that this line is also an Ariyā line (we need to read Sokāvatiṇṇajanataṁ to correct the metre). The following compound is unnecessary for the sense and hypermetric to the metre, and should be excluded.

−⏑⏑−⏑−−
jātijarābhibhūtaṁ.

−−¦⏑[−⏑]⏑⏑⏑¦−−¦−,−¦⏑−⏑¦⏑⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑−¦− Ariyā
Uṭṭhehi Vīra We need to exclude Vīra for metrical reasons. Vijitasaṅgāma, Satthavāha Anaṇa vicara loke.

−−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦−−¦¦−−¦−−¦⏑¦−−¦−
Desassu Bhagavā PTS: desetu Bhagavā, which would have the same meaning and metrical value. We should read: Bhagavă to correct the metre. Dhammaṁ, aññātāro bhavissantī.” ti

Evaṁ vutte, BJT omits the repetitions completely, and gives no indication that they exist. Thai abbreviates the repetitions in such a way it would be hard to reassemble the reading, thus: vihesāti apissu maṁ brahme imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṁsu pubbe me assutapubbā ... āvuṭāti itiha me brahme paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṁ namati no dhammadesanāyāti. dutiyampikho brahmā sahampati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca desetu bhante... only taking it up again at athakho bhagavā brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṁ viditvā. Bhagavā Brahmānaṁ Sahampatiṁ etad-avoca: “Mayhaṁ ChS: mayhampi, this also occurred to me, Brahmā. kho Brahme etad-ahosi: ‘Adhigato kho mayāyaṁ Dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho, PTS: abbreviates: ... duranubodho ... sā mam’ assa vihesā 'ti..., here and below. santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo.

Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṁ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṁ idaṁ ṭhānaṁ, yad-idaṁ: idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo.

sabbasaṅkhārasamatho,
sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo,
taṇhakkhayo,
virāgo,
nirodho,
Nibbānaṁ.

Ahañ-ce va kho pana Dhammaṁ deseyyaṁ pare ca me na ājāneyyuṁ so mamassa kilamatho sā mamassa vihesā.’ ti

Apissu maṁ Brahme imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṁsu pubbe assutapubbā: PTS: abbreviates: ... assutapubbā ... āvuṭā 'ti..., here and below.

−−⏑−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− navipulā
‘Kicchena me adhigataṁ halan-dāni pakāsituṁ?

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑− pathyā
Rāgadosaparetehi nāyaṁ Dhammo susambudho.

⏑⏑−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
Paṭisotagāmiṁ nipuṇaṁ gambhīraṁ duddasaṁ aṇuṁ,

−⏑−−¦⏑−−⏑¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokkhandhena āvuṭā.’ ti

Itiha me paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṁ namati, no Dhammadesanāyā.” ti

“Desetu Bhante Bhagavā Dhammaṁ PTS: abbreviates: ... Dhammaṁ ... aññātāro bhavissantīti..., here and below. desetu Sugato Dhammaṁ santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā assavanatā Dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti Dhammassa aññātāro.” ti Idam-avoca Brahmā Sahampati, idaṁ vatvāna athāparaṁ etad-avoca:

−−⏑−¦⏑,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Pātūr-ahosi Magadhesu pubbe

−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito,

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Apāpuretaṁ Amatassa dvāraṁ

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− extended Tuṭṭhubha
Suṇantu Dhammaṁ Vimalenānubuddhaṁ.

−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Yathā pi passe janataṁ samantato

⏑−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Tathūpamaṁ Dhammamayaṁ Sumedha

−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Pāsādam-āruyha Samantacakkhu,

−−¦⏑−−¦⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−⏑¦−−¦⏑¦−−¦− Ariyā (posterior line)
Sokāvatiṇṇaṁ janataṁ Apetasoko Avekkhassu,

−⏑⏑−⏑−−
jātijarābhibhūtaṁ.

−−¦⏑[−⏑]¦⏑⏑⏑¦−−¦−,−¦⏑−⏑¦⏑⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑−¦− Ariyā
Uṭṭhehi Vīra Vijitasaṅgāma, Satthavāha Anaṇa vicara loke.

−−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦−−¦¦−−¦−−¦⏑¦−−¦−
Desassu Bhagavā Dhammaṁ, aññātāro bhavissantī.” ti

Dutiyam-pi kho Bhagavā Brahmānaṁ Sahampatīnaṁ PTS, ChS: Sahampatiṁ, which is the accusative form when the dative is needed. etad-avoca: “Mayhaṁ kho Brahme etad-ahosi: ‘Adhigato kho mayāyaṁ Dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho,
santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo.

Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṁ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā, ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṁ idaṁ ṭhānaṁ, yad-idaṁ: idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idam-pi kho ṭhānaṁ sududdasaṁ, yad-idaṁ:

sabbasaṅkhārasamatho,
sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo,
taṇhakkhayo,
virāgo,
nirodho,
Nibbānaṁ.

Ahañ-ce va kho pana Dhammaṁ deseyyaṁ pare ca me na ājāneyyuṁ so mamassa kilamatho sā mamassa vihesā.’ ti

Apissu maṁ Brahme imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṁsu pubbe assutapubbā:

−−⏑−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− navipulā
‘Kicchena me adhigataṁ halan-dāni pakāsituṁ?

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑− pathyā
Rāgadosaparetehi nāyaṁ Dhammo susambudho.

⏑⏑−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
Paṭisotagāmiṁ nipuṇaṁ gambhīraṁ duddasaṁ aṇuṁ,

−⏑−−¦⏑−−⏑¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokkhandhena āvuṭā.’ ti

Itiha me Thai, ChS add: Brahme. paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṁ namati, no Dhammadesanāyā.” ti

Tatiyam-pi kho Brahmā Sahampatiṁ ChS: Sahampati, here only, presumably by mistake. Bhagavantaṁ etad-avoca: “Desetu Bhante Bhagavā Dhammaṁ desetu Sugato Dhammaṁ, santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā assavanatā Dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti Dhammassa aññātāro.” ti Idam-avoca Brahmā Sahampati, idaṁ vatvāna athāparaṁ etad-avoca:

−−⏑−¦⏑,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Pātūr-ahosi Magadhesu pubbe

−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito,

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Apāpuretaṁ Amatassa dvāraṁ

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− extended Tuṭṭhubha
Suṇantu Dhammaṁ Vimalenānubuddhaṁ.

−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī
Yathā pi passe janataṁ samantato

⏑−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Tathūpamaṁ Dhammamayaṁ Sumedha

−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
Pāsādam-āruyha Samantacakkhu,

−−¦⏑−−¦⏑⏑−¦¦⏑−⏑¦−−¦⏑¦−−¦− Ariyā (posterior line)
Sokāvatiṇṇaṁ janataṁ Apetasoko Avekkhassu,

−⏑⏑−⏑−−
jātijarābhibhūtaṁ.

−−¦⏑[−⏑]¦⏑⏑⏑¦−−¦−,−¦⏑−⏑¦⏑⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑−¦− Ariyā
Uṭṭhehi Vīra Vijitasaṅgāma, Satthavāha Anaṇa vicara loke.

−−¦⏑⏑⏑−¦−−¦¦−−¦−−¦⏑¦−−¦−
Desassu Bhagavā Dhammaṁ, aññātāro bhavissantī.” ti

Atha kho Bhagavā Brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṁ viditvā, sattesu ca kāruññataṁ paṭicca Buddhacakkhunā lokaṁ volokesi. BJT: olokesi, and similarly below, alternative form.

Addasā PTS: addasa, normally PTS prints addasa in this position, further instances will not be noticed. kho Bhagavā Buddhacakkhunā lokaṁ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye, svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye, appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvino ChS: -dassāvine, also below; I do not understand this form, it may be a mistake. viharante. ChS adds a repetition: appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante.

Seyyathā pi nāma uppaliniyaṁ vā paduminiyaṁ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṁ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā, udake jātāni udake saṁvaḍḍhāni BJT: saṁvaddhāni, and similarly below, showing the d/ḍ alternation seen in the texts. udakānuggatāni anto nimuggaposīni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā, udake jātāni udake saṁvaḍḍhāni samodakaṁ ṭhitāni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā, udake jātāni udake saṁvaḍḍhāni udakā ChS: udakaṁ; I take udakā as an ablative denoting distance, in this case above, see Syntax, 127. accuggamma tiṭṭhanti, PTS, ChS: thiṭāni, noun form giving essentially the same meaning. anupalittāni udakena.

Evam-eva ChS: evam-evaṁ, and similarly in the same position throughout. Bhagavā Buddhacakkhunā lokaṁ volokento addasa satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye, svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye, appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvino viharante, disvāna Brahmānaṁ Sahampatiṁ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: ChS: paccabhāsi, he answered with this verse.

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
“Apārutā te ChS: tesaṁ, which would give the extended metre, pausing at the fifth, and restarting from the same syllable. Amatassa dvārā, Metre: dv- does not make position here.

−−⏑−¦−,⏑−¦−⏑−−
Ye sotavanto pamuñcantu saddhaṁ.

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
Vihiṁsasaññī paguṇaṁ na bhāsiṁ, BJT: bhāsayiṁ, which would give Jagatī metre.

−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
Dhammaṁ paṇītaṁ manujesu Brahme!” ti Metre: Br- does not make position here.

Atha kho Brahmā Sahampati: “Katāvakāso khomhi Bhagavatā Dhammadesanāyā,” ti Bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā, padakkhiṇaṁ katvā tatthevantaradhāyi.