23: Mahāsamayasuttaṁ
evaṁ me sutaṁ:
ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṁ mahāvane mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehi, dasahi ca lokadhātūhi CBhp:
“ayaṁ kho bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṁ mahāvane mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehi, dasahi ca lokadhātūhi CBhp:
atha kho tā devatā seyyathā pi nāma balavā puriso sammiñjitaṁ vā bāhaṁ pasāreyya, pasāritaṁ vā bāhaṁ sammiñjeyya, evam-evaṁ suddhāvāsesu devesu antarahitā bhagavato purato pātur-ahesuṁ. atha kho tā devatā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā, ekam-antaṁ aṭṭhaṁsu. ekam-antaṁ ṭhitā kho ekā devatā bhagavato santike imaṁ gāthaṁ abhāsi:
“mahāsamayo pavanasmiṁ, ~ devakāyā samāgatā,
gatamha imaṁ dhammasamayaṁ Metre: these two lines are probably meant to be in Opacchandasaka metre, but it is difficult to find any satisfactory way of scanning the cadences.
dkkhitāye aparājitasaṅghan”-ti. [1]
atha kho aparā devatā bhagavato santike imaṁ gāthaṁ abhāsi:
“tatra bhikkhavo samādahaṁsu, Metre: the first 2 lines in this verse are in Opacchandasaka metre, with the syncopated opening; the 3rd line appears to a Vegavatī even line; the 4th is a Vetālīya even line.
cittamattano ujukaṁ akaṁsu, MPP, PPV, PPV2:
sārathīva nettāni gahetvā,
indriyāni rakkhanti paṇḍitā” ti. [2]
atha kho aparā devatā bhagavato santike imaṁ gāthaṁ abhāsi:
“chetv khīlṁ chetvā palighaṁ, Metre: Warder (Introduction to Pāli p. 371), first idendified this metre as Svāgatā. To make it scan however requires making a number of adjustments.
indakhlaṁ ūhacca-m-anejā,
te caranti suddhā vimalā,
căkkhumatā sudantā susunāgā” ti. [3]
atha kho aparā devatā bhagavato santike imaṁ gāthaṁ abhāsi:
“ye keci buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gatāse
na te gamissanti apāyaṁ. CBhP:
pahāya mānusaṁ dehaṁ
dĕvakāyaṁ paripūressantī” ti. [4]
atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “yebhuyyena bhikkhave dasasu lokadhātūsu devatā sannipatitā tathāgataṁ dassanāya bhikkhusaṅghañ-ca. ye pi te bhikkhave ahesuṁ atītam-addhānaṁ arahanto, sammāsambuddhā, tesam-pi bhagavantānaṁ etaparamā yeva devatā sannipatitā ahesuṁ seyyathā pi mayhaṁ etarahi.
ye pi te bhikkhave bhavissanti anāgatam-addhānaṁ arahanto, sammāsambuddhā, tesam-pi bhagavantānaṁ etaparamā yeva devatā sannipatitā bhavissanti seyyathā pi mayhaṁ etarahi.
ācikkhissāmi bhikkhave devakāyānaṁ nāmāni,
kittayissāmi bhikkhave devakāyānaṁ nāmāni,
desissāmi PPV:
taṁ suṇātha sādhukaṁ manasikarotha bhāsissāmī” ti.
“evaṁ bhante” ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ, bhagavā etad-avoca:
“silokam-anukassāmi ~ yattha bhummā tadassitā: Metre: all lines in this sutta are to be understood as the pathyā form of Siloka unless otherwise indicated.
ye sitā girigabbharaṁ, ~ pahitattā samāhitā, [5]
puthū MPP, PPV2:
odātamanasā suddhā, ~ vippasanna-m-anāvilā”. [6]
bhiyyo PPV:
tato āmantayī satthā ~ sāvake sāsane rate: [7]
“devakāyā abhikkantā, ~ te vijānātha bhikkhavo!”
te ca ātappam-akaruṁ, ~ sutvā buddhassa sāsanaṁ, [8]
tesaṁ pātur-ahū CBhp:
appeke satam-addakkhuṁ, ~ sahassaṁ atha sattatiṁ. [9]
sataṁ eke sahassānaṁ ~ amanussānam-addasuṁ, CBhp:
appekenantam-addakkhuṁ ~ disā sabbā phuṭā ahū. CBhp:
tañ-ca sabbaṁ abhiññāya ~ vavakkhitvāna CBhp:
tato āmantayī satthā ~ sāvake sāsane rate: [11]
“devakāyā abhikkantā, ~ te vijānātha bhikkhavo! PPV:
ye vohaṁ kittayissāmi ~ girāhi anupubbaso. [12]
sattasahassā te yakkhā, PPV, MPP, PPV2:
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, CBhp:
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [13]
chasahassā hemavatā ~ yakkhā nānattavaṇṇino,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [14]
sātāgirā tisahassā ~ yakkhā nānattavaṇṇino,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [15]
iccete soḷasasahassā ~ yakkhā nānattavaṇṇino, Metre: the first half of the pādayuga is hypermetric by one syllable, something which often happens when it is not possible to fit numbers to the metre.
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [16]
vessāmittā pañcasatā ~ yakkhā nānattavaṇṇino,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [17]
kumbhīro CBhp:
bhiyyo CBhp, PPV:
kumbhīro rājagahiko ~ so pāga samitiṁ vanaṁ. [18]
purimañ-ca disaṁ, rājā ~ dhataraṭṭho taṁ CBhp: omit
gandhabbānaṁ ādhipati, ~ mahārājā yasassi so, [19]
puttā pi tassa bahavo, ~ indanāmā mahabbalā,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [20]
dakkhiṇañ-ca disaṁ, rājā ~ virūḷho taṁ pasāsati,
kumbhaṇḍānaṁ ādhipati, ~ mahārājā yasassi so, [21]
puttā pi tassa bahavo, ~ indanāmā mahabbalā,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [22]
pacchimañ-ca disaṁ, rājā ~ virūpakkho taṁ pasāsati,
nāgānaṁ ādhipati, ~ mahārājā yasassi so, Metre: the second half of the first pādayuga is hypermetric by 1 syllable. The first half of the second is short by 1 syllable. cf. Āṭānāṭiyasuttaṁ vs. 26, below. [23]
puttā pi tassa bahavo, ~ indanāmā mahabbalā,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [24]
uttarañ-ca disaṁ, rājā ~ kuvero taṁ pasāsati,
yakkhānaṁ ādhipati, ~ mahārājā yasassi so, Metre: The first half of this pādayuga is short by 1 syllable. [25]
puttā pi tassa bahavo, ~ indanāmā mahabbalā,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [26]
purimaṁ disaṁ dhataraṭṭho, PPV2:
pacchimena virūpakkho, ~ kuvero uttaraṁ disaṁ. [27]
cattāro te mahārājā, ~ samantā caturo disā,
daddallamānā aṭṭhaṁsu ~ vane kāpilavatthave. [28]
tesaṁ māyāvino dāsā ~ āgu CBhp:
māyā kuṭeṇḍu veṭeṇḍu, ~ viṭucca viṭuḍo saha, [29]
candano kāmaseṭṭho ca, ~ kinnughaṇḍu nighaṇḍu ca,
panādo opamañño ca, ~ devasūto ca mātalī, [30]
cittaseno Although the grammar suggests that this is the name of one gandhabba, the commentary defines it as two. ca gandhabbo, ~ nalo rājā janesabho
āgu pañcasikho ceva, ~ timbarū suriyavaccasā. [31]
ete caññe ca rājāno, ~ gandhabbā saha rājubhi,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [32]
athāgu nābhasā nāgā, CBhp:
kambal' assatarā āgu, ~ pāyāgā saha ñātibhi. [33]
yāmunā dhataraṭṭhā CBhp:
erāvaṇo mahānāgo, ~ so pāga samitiṁ vanaṁ. [34]
ye nāgarāje sahasā haranti
- dibbā dijā pakkhivisuddhacakkhū -
vehāsayā te vanam-ajjhapattā,
citrā supaṇṇā iti tesaṁ nāmāni. Metre: the metre is wrong here, we could do with reading: citrā supaṇṇā ti tesaṁ nmāni. [35]
abhayaṁ tadā nāgarājānam-āsi,
supaṇṇato khemam-akāsi buddho.
saṇhāhi vācāhi upavhayantā,
nāgā supaṇṇā saraṇam-agaṁsu buddhaṁ. CBhp:
jitā vajirahatthena, ~ samuddaṁ asurā sitā,
bhātaro vāsavassete, CBhp:
kālakañjā mahābhiṁsā, ~ asurā dānaveghasā,
vepacittī MPP, PPV, PPV2:
satañ-ca baliputtānaṁ, ~ sabbe verocanāmakā.
sannayhitvā baliṁ senaṁ ~ rāhubhaddam-upāgamuṁ:
“samayo dāni bhaddante, ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitaṁ vanaṁ.” [39]
āpo ca devā paṭhavī ca, CBhp: omit 2nd
varuṇā vāruṇā devā, ~ somo ca yasasā saha, [40]
mettākaruṇākāyikā ~ āgu devā yasassino. Metre: an instance of the rare tavipula.
dasete dasadhā kāyā, ~ sabbe nānattavaṇṇino, [41]
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino.
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [42]
veṇhū devā MPP, PPV, PPV2:
candassūpanisā CBhp:
suriyassūpanisā CBhp, PPV2:
nakkhattāni purakkhatvā, Metre: if we count -
vasūnaṁ vāsavo seṭṭho, ~ sakko pāga purindado.
dasete dasadhā kāyā, ~ sabbe nānattavaṇṇino, [45]
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [46]
athāgu sahabhū devā, ~ jalam-aggisikhāriva,
ariṭṭhakā ca rojā ca ~ ummāpupphanibhāsino. [47]
varuṇā sahadhammā ca, ~ accutā ca anejakā,
sūleyyarucirā CBhp, PPV2:
dasete dasadhā kāyā, ~ sabbe nānattavaṇṇino,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [49]
samānā mahāsamānā, ~ mānusā mānusuttamā,
khiḍḍāpadūsikā āgu; ~ āgu CBhp:
athāgu harayo devā, ~ ye ca lohitavāsino.
pāragā mahapāragā CBhp:
dasete dasadhā kāyā, ~ sabbe nānattavaṇṇino,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [52]
sukkā karumhā CBhp:
odātagayhā pāmokkhā ~ āgu devā vicakkhaṇā. [53]
sadāmattā hāragajā, ~ missakā ca yasassino.
thanayaṁ āga pajjunno, ~ yo disā abhivassati. [54]
dasete dasadhā kāyā, ~ sabbe nānattavaṇṇino,
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [55]
khemiyā tusitā yāmā, ~ kaṭṭhakā ca yasassino.
lambītakā lāmaseṭṭhā ~ jotināmā ca āsavā, [56]
nimmāṇaratino āgu; ~ athāgu paranimmitā.
dasete dasadhā kāyā, ~ sabbe nānattavaṇṇino, [57]
iddhimanto, jutīmanto, ~ vaṇṇavanto, yasassino,
modamānā abhikkāmuṁ ~ bhikkhūnaṁ samitiṁ vanaṁ. [58]
saṭṭhete devanikāyā, ~ sabbe nānattavaṇṇino,
nāmanvayena āgañchuṁ ~ ye caññe sadisā saha: [59]
“pavutthajātiṁ akhilaṁ, ~ oghatiṇṇam-anāsavaṁ,
dakkhemoghataraṁ nāgaṁ, ~ candaṁ va asitātigaṁ. [60]
subrahmā paramatto ca, ~ puttā iddhimato saha.
sanaṅkumāro tisso ca ~ so pāga samitiṁ vanaṁ. [61]
sahassaṁ brahmalokānaṁ ~ mahābrahmābhitiṭṭhati,
upapanno jutīmanto, ~ bhismākāyo yasassi so. [62]
dasettha issarā āgu, ~ paccekavasavattino,
tesañ-ca majjhato āga ~ hārito parivārito. [63]
te ca sabbe abhikkante, ~ sa-inde deve sabrahmake, Metre: the second half of the pādayuga is hypermetric by 1 syllable.
mārasenā abhikkāmi: PPV:
“etha gaṇhatha bandhatha, ~ rāgena bandham-atthu ve, CBhp:
samantā parivāretha, ~ mā vo muñcittha koci naṁ!” [65]
iti tattha mahāseno ~ kaṇhasenaṁ apesayī, CBhp:
pāṇinā thalam-āhacca, ~ saraṁ katvāna bheravaṁ, [66]
yathā pāvussako megho, ~ thanayanto savijjuko -
tadā so paccudāvatti, ~ saṅkuddho asayaṁvasī. [67]
tañ-ca sabbaṁ abhiññāya ~ vavakkhitvāna cakkhumā,
tato āmantayī satthā ~ sāvake sāsane rate: [68]
“mārasenā abhikkantā, ~ te vijānātha bhikkhavo!”
te ca ātappam-akaruṁ, ~ sutvā buddhassa sāsanaṁ.
vītarāgehapakkāmuṁ, CBhp:
“sabbe vijitasaṅgāmā, ~ bhayātītā PPV:
modanti saha bhūtehi, ~ sāvakā te jane sutā” ti. [70]