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Mahàparinibbànasuttaü
The Discourse about the Great Emancipation
[Dutiyabhàõavàraü]
[The Second Chapter for Recitation]
[14: Dhammàdàso] 01
[The Mirror of (the True Nature of) Things]
Atha kho Bhagavà Koñigàme yathàbhirantaü viharitvà,
Then the Gracious One, after living near Koñigàma for as long as he liked,
àyasmantaü ânandaü àmantesi:
addressed venerable ânanda, (saying):
ßâyàm' ânanda yena Nàdikà tenupasaïkamissàmà.û ti
ßCome ânanda let us approach the Nàdikas.û 02
ßEvaü Bhante,û ti kho àyasmà ânando Bhagavato paccassosi.
ßVery well, reverend Sir,û venerable ânanda replied to the Gracious One.
Atha kho Bhagavà mahatà bhikkhusaïghena saddhiü yena Nàdikà tad-avasari.
Then the Gracious One together with a great Community of monks entered the Nàdikas.
Tatra sudaü Bhagavà Nàdike viharati Giÿjakàvasathe.
There the Gracious One lived near (one of) the Nàdikas in the Brick House.
Atha kho àyasmà ânando yena Bhagavà tenupasaïkami,
Then venerable ânanda approached the Gracious One,
upasaïkamitvà Bhagavantaü abhivàdetvà, ekam-antaü nisãdi.
and after approaching and worshipping the Gracious One, he sat down on one side.
Ekam-antaü nisinno kho àyasmà ânando Bhagavantaü etad-avoca:
While sitting on one side venerable ânanda said this to the Gracious One:
ßSàëho nàma Bhante bhikkhu Nàdike kàlakato,
ßThe monk named Sàëha, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Nandà nàma Bhante bhikkhunã Nàdike kàlakatà,
The nun named Nandà, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassà kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was her destination? What was her future state?
Sudatto nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Sudatta, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Sujàtà nàma Bhante upàsikà Nàdike kàlakatà,
The laywoman named Sujàtà, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassà kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was her destination? What was her future state?
Kakudho nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Kakudha, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Kàliïgo nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Kàliïga, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Nikaño nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Nikaña, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Kañissaho nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Kañissaha, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Tuññho nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato.
The layman named Tuññha, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
yassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Santuññho nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Santuññha, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Bhaddo nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Bhadda, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?
what was his destination? What was his future state?
Subhaddo nàma Bhante upàsako Nàdike kàlakato,
The layman named Subhadda, reverend Sir, has died in Nàdika,
tassa kà gati? Ko abhisamparàyo?û ti
what was his destination? What was his future state?û
ßSàëho ânanda bhikkhu àsavànaü khayà anàsavaü cetovimuttiü paÿÿàvimuttiü,
ßThe monk Sàëha, ânanda, through the destruction of the pollutants, without pollutants, freed in mind, freed through wisdom,
diññhe va dhamme sayaü abhiÿÿà sacchikatvà upasampajja vihàsi.
dwelt having known, having directly experienced, and having attained (Nibbàna) himself in this very life. 03
Nandà ânanda bhikkhunã paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The nun Nandà, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtikà tattha parinibbàyinã anàvattidhammà tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world. 04
Sudatto ânanda upàsako tiõõaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà,
The layman Sudatta, ânanda, through the complete destruction of three fetters,
ràgadosamohànaü tanuttà,
and the diminuation of passion, hatred, and delusion,
Sakadàgàmã sakid-eva imaü lokaü àgantvà, dukkhassantaü karissati.
is a Once-Returner, and will return only once more to this world, and (then) will make an end to suffering.
Sujàtà ânanda upàsikà tiõõaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà,
The laywoman Sujàtà, ânanda, through the complete destruction of three fetters,
Sotàpannà avinipàtadhammà niyatà Sambodhiparàyanà.
is a Stream-Enterer, is no longer subject to falling (into the lower realms), and has a fixed destiny ending in Final Awakening.
Kakudho ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Kakudha, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammo tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Kàliïgo ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Kàliïga, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammà tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Nikaño ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Nikaña, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammà tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Kañissaho ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Kañissaha, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammà tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Tuññho ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Tuññha, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammà tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Santuññho ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Santuññha, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammo tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Bhaddo ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Bhadda, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammo tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Subhaddo ânanda upàsako paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
The layman Subhadda, ânanda, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtiko tattha parinibbàyã anàvattidhammo tasmà lokà.
has arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Paropaÿÿàsaü ânanda Nàdike upàsakà kàlakatà
More than fifty laymen, ânanda, have died in Nàdika
paÿcannaü orambhàgiyànaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà
who, through the complete destruction of the five lower fetters
opapàtikà tattha parinibbàyino anàvattidhammà tasmà lokà.
have arisen spontaneously (in the Brahmà worlds), and will attain Final Emancipation there, without returning from that world.
Sàdhikà navuti 05 ânanda Nàdike upàsakà kàlakatà
In excess of ninety laymen, ânanda, have died in Nàdika
tiõõaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà, ràgadosamohànaü tanuttà,
who, through the complete destruction of three fetters, and the diminuation of passion, hatred, and delusion
Sakadàgàmino sakid-eva imaü lokaü àgantvà, dukkhassantaü karissanti.
are Once-Returners, and will return only once more to this world, and (then) will make an end to suffering.
Sàtirekàni ânanda paÿcasatàni 06 Nàdike upàsakà kàlakatà
In excess of five-hundred laymen, ânanda, have died in Nàdika
tiõõaü saÿÿojanànaü parikkhayà,
who, through the complete destruction of three fetters,
Sotàpannà avinipàtadhammà niyatà Sambodhiparàyanà.
are Stream-Enterers, no longer subject to falling (into the lower realms), and have a fixed destiny ending in Final Awakening.
Anacchariyaü kho panetaü ânanda yaü manussabhåto kàlaü kareyya,
But it is not such a wonder, ânanda, that those who have become human should die,
tasmiÿ-ce kàlakate Tathàgataü upasaïkamitvà,
but if (every time) there is a death in this place, after approaching the Realised One,
etam-atthaü pucchissatha vihesàvesà ânanda Tathàgatassa.
you were to ask about it, ânanda, that would be troublesome 07 to the Realised One.
Tasmàtih' ânanda Dhammàdàsaü nàma Dhammapariyàyaü desessàmi,
Therefore, ânanda, I will teach (this) presentation of the Teaching called the Mirror of (the True Nature of) Things,
yena samannàgato Ariyasàvako àkaïkhamàno attanà va attànaü byàkareyya:
endowed with which a Noble Disciple desiring to do so may declare about himself:
`Khãõanirayomhi khãõatiracchànayoni,
`Exhausted is (birth in) Hell, exhausted is (birth in) an animal's womb,
khãõapettivisayo khãõàpàyaduggativinipàto,
exhausted is (birth in) the realm of the Fallen Spirits, exhausted is falling into an unfortunate destiny in the lower realms,
Sotàpannoham-asmi avinipàtadhammo niyato Sambodhiparàyano.' ti
I am a Stream-Enterer, no longer subject to falling (into the lower realms), and have a fixed destiny ending in Final Awakening.'
Katamo ca so ânanda Dhammàdàso Dhammapariyàyo,
And what, ânanda, is (this) presentation of the Teaching called the Mirror of (the True Nature of) Things,
yena samannàgato Ariyasàvako àkaïkhamàno attanà va attànaü byàkareyya:
endowed with which a Noble Disciple desiring to do so may declare about himself:
`Khãõanirayomhi khãõatiracchànayoni,
`Exhausted is (birth in) Hell, exhausted is (birth in) an animal's womb,
khãõapettivisayo khãõàpàyaduggativinipàto,
exhausted is (birth in) the realm of the Fallen Spirits, exhausted is falling into an unfortunate destiny in the lower realms,
Sotàpannoham-asmi avinipàtadhammo niyato Sambodhiparàyano'? ti
I am a Stream-Enterer, no longer subject to falling (into the lower realms), and have a fixed destiny ending in Final Awakening'?
Idh' ânanda Ariyasàvako Buddhe aveccappasàdena samannàgato hoti:
Here, ânanda, a Noble Disciple is endowed with perfect confidence in the Buddha (thinking):
`Iti pi so Bhagavà Arahaü Sammàsambuddho,
`Such is he, the Gracious One, the Worthy One, the Perfect Sambuddha,
vijjàcaraõasampanno Sugato lokavidå,
the one endowed with understanding and good conduct, the Fortunate One, the One who understands the worlds,
anuttaro purisadammasàrathi,
the unsurpassed guide for those people who need taming,
Satthà Devamanussànaü Buddho Bhagavà.' ti
the Teacher of Divinities and men, the Buddha, the Gracious One.'
Dhamme aveccappasàdena samannàgato hoti:
He is endowed with perfect confidence in the Teaching (thinking):
`Svàkkhàto Bhagavatà Dhammo,
`The Teaching has been well-proclaimed by the Gracious One,
sandiññhiko, akàliko, ehipassiko, opanayiko,
it is visible, not subject to time, inviting inspection, onward leading,
paccattaü veditabbo viÿÿåhã.' ti
and can be understood by the wise for themselves.'
Saïghe aveccappasàdena samannàgato hoti:
He is endowed with perfect confidence in the Community (thinking):
`Supañipanno Bhagavato sàvakasaïgho,
`The Gracious One's Community of disciples are good in their practice,
ujupañipanno Bhagavato sàvakasaïgho,
the Gracious One's Community of disciples are straight in their practice,
ÿàyapañipanno Bhagavato sàvakasaïgho,
the Gracious One's Community of disciples are systematic in their practice,
sàmãcipañipanno Bhagavato sàvakasaïgho,
the Gracious One's Community of disciples are correct in their practice,
yad-idaü cattàri purisayugàni, aññha purisapuggalà,
that is to say, the four pairs of persons, the eight individual persons,
esa Bhagavato sàvakasaïgho,
this is the Gracious One's Community of disciples,
àhuneyyo, pàhuneyyo, dakkhiõeyyo, aÿjalikaraõãyo,
they are worthy of offerings, of hospitality, of gifts, and of reverential salutation,
anuttaraü puÿÿakkhettaü lokassà.' ti
they are an unsurpassed field of merit for the world.'
Ariyakantehi sãlehi samannàgato hoti,
He is endowed with the lovely Ariyan virtue, 08
akhaõóehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammàsehi, bhujissehi,
unbroken, faultless, unspotted, unblemished, productive of freedom,
viÿÿuppasatthehi aparàmaññhehi samàdhisaüvattanikehi.
praised by the wise, not adhered to, leading to concentration.
Ayaü kho ânanda Dhammàdàso Dhammapariyàyo
This is the presentation of the Teaching, ânanda, called the Mirror of (the True Nature of) Things
yena samannàgato Ariyasàvako àkaïkhamàno attanà va attànaü byàkareyya:
endowed with which a Noble Disciple desiring to do so may declare about himself:
`Khãõanirayomhi khãõatiracchànayoni,
`Exhausted is (birth in) Hell, exhausted is (birth in) an animal's womb,
khãõapettivisayo khãõàpàyaduggativinipàto,
exhausted is (birth in) the realm of the Fallen Spirits, exhausted is falling into an unfortunate destiny in the lower realms,
Sotàpannoham-asmi avinipàtadhammo niyato Sambodhiparàyano.'û ti
I am a Stream-Enterer, no longer subject to falling (into the lower realms), and have a fixed destiny ending in Final Awakening.'û
* * *
Tatra pi sudaü Bhagavà Nàdike viharanto Giÿjakàvasathe,
There also the Gracious One, while living near Nàdika in the Brick House,
etad-eva bahulaü bhikkhånaü Dhammiü kathaü karoti:
spoke frequently to the monks about the Teaching, (saying):
ßIti sãlaü, iti samàdhi, iti paÿÿà,
ßSuch is virtue, such is concentration, such is wisdom,
sãlaparibhàvito samàdhi mahapphalo hoti mahànisaüso,
when virtue is well-developed it yields great fruit and brings great advantages in regard to concentration,
samàdhiparibhàvità paÿÿà mahapphalà hoti mahànisaüsà,
when concentration is well-developed it yields great fruit and brings great advantages in regard to wisdom,
paÿÿàparibhàvitaü cittaü sammad-eva àsavehi vimuccati,
when wisdom is well-developed the mind is completely liberated from the pollutants,
seyyathãdaü: kàmàsavà bhavàsavà avijjàsavà.û ti
that is to say: the pollutant of sensuality, the pollutant of (craving for) continued existence, the pollutant of ignorance.û